FROTHINGHAM, OCTAVIUS BROOKS: Rationalist; b. in Boston Nov. 26, 1822; d. there Nov. 27, 1895. He was graduated at Harvard in 1843, and at the divinity school in 1846. He filled charges at Salem, Mass. (1847-55), Jersey City, (1855-59), and New York City (1859-79), resigned on account of ill health in 1879, and after 1881 lived in Boston. He founded the Free Religious Association (q.v.) in 1867 and was its president till 1878. He was noted for eloquence and scholarship, but was extreme in his religious views. His New York church was originally called The Third Unitarian but it separated from that denomination in 1874 and was called The Independent Liberal Church of New York. He published lives of Theodore Parker (Boston, 1874), Gerritt Smith (New York, 1878). George Ripley (Boston, 1882), and William Henry Channing (1886); The Religion of Humanity (New York, 1873); A History of Transcendentalism in New England (1876); Boston Unitarianism, 1820-50. a study of the life and work of his father, Nathaniel Langdon Frothingham (1890).