FLEMING, DAVID HAY: Scotch Presbyterian; b. at St. Andrews, Scotland, May 9, 1849. He studied at Madras College, St. Andrews, 1854-66, and then engaged in business until he retired in 1883 to devote himself to the study of Scotch history. In 1904-06 he was lecturer on church history in New College, Edinburgh. In theology he is an old-school Presbyterian and a stanch Calvinist. Among his writings those of theological interest are The Martyrs and Confessors of St. Andrews (Cupar-Fife, 1887); Mary Queen of Scots from her Birth to her Flight into England (London, 1897); The Scottish Reformation (Edinburgh, 1903); and The Story of the Scottish Covenants in Outline (1904). He has also edited Register of the Ministers, Elders, and Deacons of the Christian Congregation of St. Andrews, Comprising the Proceedings of the Kirk Session and of the Court of the Superintendent of Fife, Fothrik, and Strathearn, 1559-1600 (2 vols., Edinburgh, 1889-90); A. F. Mitchell's Scottish Reformation (Baird Lectures for 1899, 1900); and Patrick Walker's Six Saints of the Covenant (2 vols., London, 1901).